The use of deep breathing exercises as a stress management technique Essay

The use of deep breathing exercises as a stress management technique for elementary school children - Essay Example Stress refers to the physical or psychological result of external or internal pressure (AllPsych Online). Stress is also considered a normal physical response to any stimulus causing threat or that which upsets the balance of an individual in some way. Factors causing stress may include external pressure, encompassing the physical environment, like home, work, school, inter-relationships, challenges and difficulties, or even expectations that an individual faces every day. In addition, internal pressures may also cause stress; these cover the over-all health and fitness level of the person, his emotional well-being and mental capacity. The latter in part, determines the body’s ability to respond to external stress-inducing factors (Understanding stress, helpguide.org). It has been ascertained that there are abundant potential causes of stress uniquely expressed for each individual. However, for this particular study, the focus shall be on the factors of stress in school performance of elementary pupils in the United Kingdom. Based on gathered research and studies conducted in UK context, students in primary education particularly those from the ages of 5 up to 12 years old are now generally experiencing school stress which results to a variety of physical and psychological conditions. Stress manifests in different forms, especially among children ages 5 years old or younger since they are still incapable of recognizing and communicating feelings of stress to their parents or guardians. However, stress indicators like clinging to parents, unusual crying, display of temper tantrums and other regressive behaviour (i.e. thumb sucking, bedwetting), and rocking, biting and even toilet accidents are evident. Likewise, children ages 6 to 11 years old, or school-aged children, are more articulate with their emotions and experiences toward stress-related incidences, and the obvious reactions are physical complaints and uncharacteristic

Coping Strategies for Drought in Developing Countries Essay

Coping Strategies for Drought in Developing Countries - Essay Example These strategies include;- According to Bhattacharyya, (2004, p.5), market-assisted selection has been successfully used in terms of agriculture for several years. By involvingselection of a trait that measured with accuracy to establish a linkage with certain specific molecular markers and choosing the kind of specific markers required for use in genotyping, the perfect type of crop is produced. Studies have shown that timing of drought has a significant effect on the yield and rain fed conditions in semi-arid tropic areas. Moreover, Bhattacharyya, (2004, p.5) noted that, division of drought in regard to time (flowering, pre-flowering and terminal drought), including its effects on the yield of components, highlights complexity of breeding in crops that are crop resistance. Plant technology has a good track-record of providing farmers with benefits in developing countries. In reference to Leary (2008, p.154), even though most current genetically modified crops are developed by private in most industrialized countries, 90% of the farmers who use them are actually in the developing countries.Genetically modified crops have increased tolerance to abiotic strains, where genes that are responsible for the osmotic adjustment have been successfully introduced to sorghum especially in India. Similar work has also been initiated on green gram and black gram (Merriman (1993, p.106).the process of genetic mutation is like in the following diagram: Another option of introducing drought tolerance is the use of tissue culture and wide crossing methods, for example cross roughing the tolerant pearl millet crop with another high yielding species of a cereal crop with an aim of creating new drought tolerant and high-yielding hybrid species.According to studies conducted by (Jamal2007, p.24), there has been a major success in a similar strategy that involves creating a new rye/wheat hybrid species of triticale.Mutation breeding is